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| Part index | This part contains information on pinnipeds (seals, sealions and walruses) and other species, including marine turtles, sirenians and sea otters. The pinnipeds page contains links to international agreements; information on commercial seal hunts; information on conservation efforts for Mediterranean and Hawaiian monk seals, Wadden Sea seals and Alaskan Steller sea lions; and information on interactions between seals and fisheries. The next page contains information on international agreements and conservation efforts for marine turtles and conservation efforts for a number of other marine species. |
Pinnipeds |
Understanding
Seals and Sealing in Canada
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| Reports
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| Facts
about Seals
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| Media Room |
Seal
Report: Sealing Issues
Thirteenth Report of the Canadian Standing Committee on Fisheries and Oceans
(June 1999), maintained on the DFO site.
Marine Mammal Regulations
Canadian regulations, including those relating
to seals.
Canadasealhunt.ca
Informative site from a Canadian anti-sealing organization, which includes
information on The
Hunt and on various issues, including Seals
& Fisheries.
Environment
News Canadian Seal Hunt Not Sustainable
Environment News
Canada's 1999 Seal Hunt Quota Unchanged Despite Protests
Two news releases on the Canadian seal hunt, from Lycos' Environmental
News Service.
Much more background information can be found from the various NGO websites dealing with the hunt. A search on Yahoo! for "Canada seal hunt" turns up many of these.
The GATT Consistency of
the U.S. Import Embargo on Harp-Seal Fur Coats from Greenland
Article by Ted McDorman on the High North Alliance
website.
Seal harvesting in Namibia
Page of information from the Wildlife
Society of Namibia. Includes Statistics,
1998 Quotas and
information on the 2000
hunt.
The Namibian Seal Harvest
Report from the High North Alliance news in 1995.
Statistical Yearbook of Norway: Sealing
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2000 Yearbook |
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1999 Yearbook |
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1998 Yearbook |
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1997 Yearbook |
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1996 Yearbook |
Seals
and seal hunting - the facts and myths
Account from the Norwegian Ministry
of Fisheries.
NOAH: files on sealing
A collection of news items relating to the annual seal hunts (going back to
1994) and other information on Norwegian sealing. By NOAH
- a Norwegian conservation organization.
The
Hidden Seal Hunt
Overview of the Canadian, Norwegian and Russian hunts by the International
Wildlife Coalition.
History of
commercial seal hunting
Overview of Canadian and Norwegian seal hunting by the Coalition
to Abolish the Fur Trade.
IGIFL Table of Sources of Pinniped Species Information
IMMA: Pinniped Fact Sheets
The IMMA website and two related
sites provide comprehensive information on all species of pinniped.
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pagophilus.org |
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monachus.org |
Seal
Conservation Society: Pinniped Species Information Pages
Another excellent source of
information on pinnipeds.
IUCN Red List
Copy of the redlist, now placed on the web. Contains a Search
facility, but for links to specific pages on pinnipeds, see
below.
NOAA
Fisheries: Office of Protected Resources: Stock Assessment Reports
Stock assessment reports (SARs) for marine mammal species in US waters from
the Office of
Protected Resources. (Scroll down the page for pinnipeds).
NOAA
Sea Lion database
Large source of information on sea lions.
Mediterranean
Action Program
(For further links, see Part 7).
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Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Biological Diversity in the Mediterranean | ||
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Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas (RAC/SPA) | ||
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Monk Seal Action Plan
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Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Habitats
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Recommendation No. 6 (1986) on the protection of the Mediteranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) |
Monachus.org
A subsidiary site of IMMA, dedicated to the
conservation of all monk seals.
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Monachus
Guardian 6-monthly international newsletter, downloadable in pdf or MS Word formats |
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Library Catalogue Outstanding source of reports, documents and papers on Mediterranean and Hawaiian monk seals (some are linked to below) |
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Monachus profiles:
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Three reports by experts William M. Johnson and David M. Lavigne published by IMMA and maintained on the monachus.org site:
- The Mediterranean Monk Seal: Conservation Guidelines 1998 [pdf]
- Captive Breeding and the Mediterranean Monk Seal - A focus on Antibes Marineland 1994 [pdf]
- Mass Tourism and the Mediterranean Monk Seal 1999 [pdf]
Present Status and Trend of the
Mediterranean Monk Seal [pdf file]
1994 publication of UNEP/MAP, following a Meeting of
Experts on the Evaluation of the Implementation of the Action Plan for the Management of
the Mediterranean Monk Seal, Rabat, Morocco, 7-9 October 1994.
The Monk Seal Conspiracy
Text by William M. Johnson, focusing on political intrigue and other obstacles affecting
front-line conservation of Mediterranean monk seals in the Eastern Aegean, reproduced on
the Web.
Hawaiian monk seal
Page on Hawaiian monk seals from the US Office of
Protected Resources.
Relevant extracts from US Marine Mammal Commission reports, reproduced on the monachus.org site:
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Annual Report to Congress 1998 (Chapter II, Hawaiian monk seal) |
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Annual Report to Congress 1999 (Chapter III, Hawaiian monk seal) |
Monachus
links
A further set of links on monk seals from monachus.org.
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Wadden Sea seals |
1990 Wadden Sea Seals Agreement
Text, summary information and updates, maintained on the
World Conservation Monitoring Centre site.
Common
Wadden Sea Secretariat
Website of the CWSS; includes an informative page on seal management and an up-to-date
archive of news releases.
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Wadden
Sea Plan |
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Conservation
and Management Plan for the Wadden Sea Seal Population 1996-2000
[pdf file] |
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Seal counts in the Wadden Sea: 1998
1999
2000 |
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Schutzstation Wattenmeer
Homepage of an NGO for the protection of the Wadden Sea.
NMFS
Alaska: steller sea lions
Useful resource of information and documents on steller sea lion conservation in
Alaska. Includes the following sections:
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Critical
Habitat and Protection
Measures |
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Reasonable
and Prudent Alternative (RPA) Committee
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Section
7 Consultations under the Endangered Species Act
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Research and Recovery Efforts | ||||||||||||
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Federal Fisheries Regulatory Actions and National Laws | ||||||||||||
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Historical Analysis Archive | ||||||||||||
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Additional Resources |
House
of Representatives/Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife and Oceans:
Oversight Hearing on Steller Sea Lions
Witness list from this May 1999 oversight hearing.
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Background Memorandum |
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Subcommittee Chairman Opening Statement |
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Committee on Resources Chairman Opening Statement |
Steller Sea Lions and Pollock
Fisheries
Comments on the 1998 Biological Opinion Regarding
Interactions between Steller Sea Lions and Pollock Fisheries in the North
Pacific by David Lavigne on the IMMA
website.
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Steller sea lions and pollock fisheries in western Alaska: Statement submitted to-Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife & Oceans Statement by David Lavigne, submitted in May 1999. |
National
Marine Mammal Laboratory
Information on steller sea lions and their conservation and management from
the NMML. Includes: Steller
Sea Lion Bibliography
Overfishing
and the Fate of the Steller Sea Lion
Page from Greenpeace USA - part of the "Sinking
Fast" report. Includes a link to: Campaign Background Paper
on Steller Sea Lions
Yahoo! Search
for "steller sea lion"
There are many more pages on the
Internet on this issue, many from NGOs. A search on Yahoo! picks up most of
them.
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Biological interactions |
Pinnipeds and Fishing Gear
Overview of pinniped bycatch in global fisheries, organized by FAO Statistical Areas with more
detailed information available in a data
table.
Technical Report No. 91-01: Incidental Capture of
Pinnipeds in Commercial Fishing Gear
A Technical Report from IMMA, downloadable in pdf format.
Seals and Fisheries, Science and Politics
Seals, Cod, Ecology and Mythology
(also available in pdf)
Ecological Interactions: the facts about seals
and cod in the Northwest Atlantic
Technical Briefing No. 93-01: Cod Crisis: Are
Seals Part of the Problem? (pdf only)
Four texts on the role of seals in the northwest Atlantic groundfish crisis from the IMMA site.
Impacts
of California Sea Lions and Pacific Harbor Seals on Salmonids and West Coast Ecosystems
Report on the US NOAA site, which follows the
scientific investigation conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) into
the impacts of California sea lion and Pacific harbour seal predation on salmonids and
other impacts of these pinnipeds on coastal ecosystems of Washington, Oregon and
California.
Interactions Marine
Mammals/Fisheries
List of links on the High North Alliance
site, although most relate to tuna-dolphin interactions.
Marine Mammal - Fisheries
Interactions
CRS Report by Gene Buck.
Impacts of California Seals and Pacific Harbour Seals on Salmonids and on the Coastal Ecosystems of Washington, Oregon and California, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-28, March 1997
Humane
Society of the United States: Pinniped-Fisheries Issues Page
Contains Factsheets
which provide an overview of the issues and a number of case studies.
Seal
Conservation Society
The Seal Conservation Society is a non-governmental organization which was set up in 1996
with the aim of protecting and conserving pinnipeds worldwide. Their website contains a
several useful pages:
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Pinniped Species Information Pages: very informative section on pinnipeds, containing a descriptive account of the biology, status and conservation and management for each pinniped species. |
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A basic library section, with a link to a database of over 13,000 references to pinniped related research papers, reports and other literature compiled by the SCS. |
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News page (no longer kept up-to-date) |
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Extensive links section |
Pinnipeds: Seals and Sea Lions
Page from US Office for Protected Resources/ESA listed species.
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Guadalupe fur seal |
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Hawaiian monk seal |
Earth
Island Institute: International Marine Mammal Project
An ngo with basic information on its Pinniped-Fisheries
project on its website.
HELCOM
Recommendation 9/1
Full text of the 1988 Helsinki Commission
Recommendation Concerning Protection of Seals in the Baltic Sea Area.
